Civil Engineering Smart Cities

The course is designed for students studying civil engineering or other related studies.
At the completion of this course the participants will possess a basic knowledge about the most common construction materials concrete and reinforced concrete, its planning and execution requirements.
Among the generally applicable content there are also specifications for certain standards. These based on the German Institute for Standardization, which is mostly be based on European requirements for concrete structures, but specifications for India are also included for the student in India. The difficulty level is introductory.

Course structure

Generally, this course is the first in a lecture series. It is divided into five modules which are broken up into lectures with an average length of 1 hour.

Each lecture contains “theoretical segments” in which professors explain the learning content and “practical segments” in which the students can interact on a more practical level using the DADB AR App.

During and at the end of each lecture students areasked to answer questions and interact via the DADB Quiz App to show their knowledge.

Unit 1.1

Exposure classes

Introduction

Concrete is exposed to various types of conditions, which often harm the existing structure.

In this chapter students will be sensitized to the different attacks on concrete.

Content:
– Brief Introduction of all exposure classes on concrete (XC, XD, XS, XF, XA, XM)
– Detailed explanation of XC and XS
– Corrosion process due to CO2 and chlorine (Surface and Pitting corrosion)
– Five requirements for corrosion

Unit 1.2

Exposure classes

How to deal with them

Exposure classes allow civil engineers to adequately classify the intensity of attack and let them impose useful requirements for the design of concrete.

In this chapter students will learn different tools to ensure the durability of concrete.

Content:
– Solutions for ensuring durability
– Introduction of different parameters
• Water-Cement-Ratio
• Minimum-Cement-Content
• Characteristic strength min fck (Walz-Diagram)
• Minimum Concrete Cover

Unit 1.3

Exposure classes

Introduction

Concrete is exposed to various types of conditions, which often harm the existing structure.

In this chapter students will be sensitized to the different attacks on concrete.

Unit 2.1

Fresh Concrete

How to mix it

Student doing a presentation using a projector screen mockup

For each construction site concrete needs to have different properties. This chapter describes the different options to mix concrete for a requested instance.

Content:
– Workability and related properties
– Impact of water-cement-ratio on fresh concrete
– Consistency classes
– Flow Table Test and Compression Test
– Effect of superplasticizer
– Correct mixing procedure

Unit 2.2

Fresh Concrete

On the construction site

This chapter explains how concrete is being transported and used on the construction site. Especially students who want to specialize in construction management and supervision will get useful information for their future work.

Content:
– Transport and unloading process
– Importance of delivery notes
– Concrete trucks
– Grain shape and pumpability
– Different ways of laying concrete
– Compacting Concrete
– Curing process and post treatment

Unit 3.1

Binders

Primary role of cement

To create a better understanding of how concrete creates its compression strength, this chapter comprehensively describes the most common binder in concrete – cement.

Content:
– Introduction of the component cement
– Production of cement
– Phase reaction and clinker phases
– Compression strength development
– Hydration process on a chemical basis
– Terms like stiffening, solidification and hardening
– Different cement classes

Unit 3.2

Binders

Sustainability in the cement production

This chapter will raise awareness of the negative impact during the production of cement on the environment and will give solutions to reduce the CO2 emission.

Content:
– Carbon emission during the production of cement
– Alternatives for cement
– Opportunities of recycled concrete
– Different Additives and their effects on concrete (fly ash, slag sand, silica fume)

Unit 3.3

Binders

Sustainability in the cement production

This chapter will raise awareness of the negative impact during the production of cement

on the environment and will give solutions to reduce the CO2 emission.

Content:

Carbon emission during the production of cement
Alternatives for cement
Opportunities of recycled concrete

AR-App: Interactive CO2 – emission diagram

Unit 4.1

Aggregates

Function and importance

Aggregate is the largest component of concrete and exists in various shapes and sizes.

This chapter explains the different effects of aggregate in concrete.

Content:

Function of aggregate
Proportion and types of aggregate
Geometric requirementsAR-App: Interactive landscape

Unit 4.2

Aggregates

How to classify aggregate

In this chapter students will learn how to classify aggregate and

will be able to identify a suitable type of aggregate

Content:

How to qualify aggregate
Sieve Test
Moistness of aggregate
k-value

AR-App: Sieve Test

Unit 5.1

Hardened Concrete

Requirements and properties
Part 1

Once concrete starts to harden on the construction site it is necessary to take care

of post treatment and to prove its requested strength.

Content:

Curing process and post treatment possibilities
Duration of post treatment

AR-App: Post treatment area

Unit 5.2

Hardened Concrete

Requirements and properties Part 2

The last chapter describes the differences between creep and shrinkage.

As a conclusion of the course the compressive strength testing and concrete classes will be introduced.

Content:

Creep effects
Shrinkage effects (plastic and drying)
Compressive strength/ Crushing strength
Strength testing
Tensile strength
Concrete Classes

AR-App: Compressive strength test

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